The art of painting is a key part of the treasure house of human culture, and its growth trajectory contains many highlights worthy of in-depth study.

In terms of artistic concepts, there are obvious differences between the paintings of the 19th century and the 20th century, which is worth exploring in depth.

This is related to the understanding of painting art and the goals pursued by painters in different periods. It also reflects the comprehensive influence of social thoughts and many other factors of that era.

In the 19th century, painting had a clear Objectivist tendency.

Take Impressionism, for example. Painters of this period tried to perfectly reproduce realistic scenes.

They focus on presenting the true state of objective things, whether it is light or color, and strive to achieve scientifically accurate performance.

In France, a place where art and culture flourished, many painters were deeply influenced by its artistic trends.

Van Gogh painted "The Sower at Sunset" in 1888. This work shows his meticulous depiction of the characters and background in the painting, which can objectively reflect reality.

This kind of objectivism is not completely unchanged. Impressionist painters feel that objective things will leave an impression on the subjective, so subjective factors also play a certain role in it.

This is an expression of conditional objectivism.

The development of painting in the nineteenth century was not smooth sailing.

Painters also faced some challenges in exploring the path of Objectivism.

Innovation in style and technique does not happen overnight.

In some large-scale painting exhibitions, the early Impressionist paintings were questioned by traditional academic artists.

They feel that such paintings overly pursue the instant impression of objective scenes and lack the depth and structure of traditional paintings.

But this did not stop the Impressionists from continuing to explore the concept of painting based on objectivity.

With the development of the times and entering the twentieth century, the concept of painting art has undergone tremendous changes.

Under the influence of thinkers such as Nietzsche, new changes began to occur in the field of art.

Art schools such as Post-Impressionism and Fauvism emerged one after another, which marked the shift from objective to subjective art in painting.

Matisse's "Portrait of Madame Matisse" came out in 1905. Looking at this painting, it can be seen that the painter is more inclined to integrate his own subjective opinions into the work.

These schools no longer only regard objective things as the core of art, but instead highlight the importance of the painter's personal subjective expression and control of the painting.

This change is also related to the social environment at that time.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the world was in turmoil, and new ideas successively impacted the traditional art field.

The environment faced by painters became increasingly diverse and complex, and they began to strive to break away from the constraints of being limited to the depiction of the objective world.

In an art avant-garde like France, many emerging artists gather together and communicate with each other, thus promoting the development of this artistic innovation trend that focuses on subjectivity.

Objectivism dominated painting in the nineteenth century.

Painters may spend a lot of time carefully observing and carefully depicting the surface features of objects and the subtle changes in light and shadow.

In order to accurately depict the haystacks at different time periods, Monet had to choose a specific time period to go to the scene to paint.

In the 20th century, painting has tended towards subjectivism.

In art schools such as Cubism, Futurism, and Expressionism, painters are more willing to convey personal emotions and thoughts in their works.

The painting "Man in an Armchair" was created between 1909 and 1910. It reflects Picasso's inner subjective thoughts.

Behind this comparison are differences in creative purposes.

Part of what painters in the 19th century pursued was to reproduce the real world. They strive to present the beautiful scenery and characters they see in a realistic way.

Painters in the 20th century were more inclined to express inner emotions, which may be fear of war or longing for the new century.

Post-Impressionism and Fauvism played a transitional role in the transformation of art from objective to subjective.

Artists of these schools, such as Cezanne and others, have different creative attitudes from previous painters. They are neither completely focused on depicting the objective world, nor have they completely gone to extreme subjective expression.

Cezanne's position in painting is similar to Courbet's in Romantic realism.

They not only pay attention to the presentation of objective things in the picture, but also begin to incorporate their own subjective opinions.

The uniqueness of the works of painters during this transitional period also existed.

Their paintings began to exhibit a more varied use of color and compositional flexibility.

Exhibited at art exhibitions and other places, the works can not only attract the attention of those who love traditional painting because they incorporate traditional elements; at the same time, they can also attract a group of new fans who discover new trends in the development of painting art. .

The works of Fauvist painters such as Matisse possess vivid and luscious qualities.

In 1910, "Dance" debuted, attracting the attention of many audiences with its bright colors and vibrant images.

But on the other hand, Fauvism also has certain limitations.

On the whole, it still shows a relatively aggressive nature (bourgeois democracy).

They are intoxicated with the illusion of pursuing art, but ignore the urgent need for social change.

This limitation also restricted the Brutalists' deeper influence in society.

At that time, many Fauvist painters focused on their own small world of art.

They are passionate about the innovation of colors and lines in art, but they are not sensitive enough to the political, economic, cultural and other changes brought about by social changes. They are still obsessed with pursuing the purity of art itself.

Although artists such as Cézanne praised real life, they were still immersed in the illusion of the supremacy of art.

They were unaware of the imminence of social change and revolution.

The work "Bather" was created between 1902 and 1904. It has strong artistic expression, but seems to lack a profound discussion of social issues.

These painters are regarded as creators in a period of transition. They play a role in connecting ancient and modern times in the process of gradual changes in artistic styles. However, in the face of the torrent of social changes, their understanding seems not to be profound enough.

At that time, the United States and most European countries were standing on the threshold of social change, or had already entered the process of change. However, these painters did not re-examine their artistic creations from the perspective of social development. They did not reveal social contradictions through their works or make calls for change like some writers of the same period.

How do you think the concept of painting has changed with the times?