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Revisionism may not be the focus of public attention in today's society, but it was a widely debated issue in the history of the development of Marxism.
It left a significant mark on the international workers' and communist movements, which deserves further study.
The 1890s was the period when revisionism emerged.
The society of that era was undergoing dramatic changes, capitalism continued to progress, and emerging social conditions challenged old theories.
In Europe and other places, the industrial revolution is gradually advancing, and the working class struggle movement continues to seek its way forward.
Some people were influenced by bourgeois ideas and began to try to revise and re-examine Marxism. This phenomenon led to the emergence of revisionist ideas.
Bernstein in Germany is considered a pioneer of revisionist thought. He raised questions about the core theories of proletarian revolution and dictatorship in Marxism and made corresponding adjustments.
Revisionism occurred mostly in Western countries where capitalism was developing rapidly at that time.
These regional Marxists were committed to leading the struggle of the working class, but the rise of revisionism disrupted the normal course of the labor movement. This phenomenon had a significant impact on the social and political structure of the time.
Revisionism is a bourgeois ideological trend and political force.
According to the definition in the English-English dictionary and its performance in the communist movement, we can see that this is not the correct development and improvement of Marxism, but rather a distortion, tampering and denial of it.
For example, in terms of theoretical construction, it violates the basic principles of Marxism and holds a negative attitude towards core concepts such as surplus value theory.
In the early theories of Marxism, the theory of surplus value revealed the exploitative nature of capitalism. This theory provides an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms of exploitation in capitalist society.
But the revisionists want to fundamentally deny this and try to obliterate class contradictions.
As for the means of social change, Marx emphasized the end of capitalism through proletarian revolution and the implementation of dictatorship. Revisionism, on the other hand, tends to adopt a gradual improvement approach.
This kind of behavior is essentially using bourgeois ideas to disguise itself as Marxism, which may cause the labor movement to lose its correct direction.
Within working-class parties, the emergence of revisionism poses huge challenges to party building.
Looking back at history, when revisionism emerged, there were ideological schisms within political parties.
Some people within the party who were influenced by revisionist ideas began to put forward views inconsistent with Marxism, such as advocating hand in hand with the bourgeoisie while ignoring the importance of class struggle.
Taking Russia as an example, the early Russian workers’ parties also faced the threat of revisionism.
Some members of the party were eroded by revisionist ideas and attempted to deviate from their adherence to the Marxist principle of armed struggle.
This puts the growth of the party and the development of the workers' movement in a serious crisis.
In order to maintain the party's advancement and purity, it is necessary to clearly distance itself from revisionism and at the same time maintain its belief in Marxism.
On an international scale, revisionism affected the landscape of the world labor movement.
Revisionist trends penetrated each other among European countries.
After being affected by this, workers' parties in some countries began to adjust their political trends and methods of struggle.
Take France, for example. Its labor movement once fell into a downturn due to revisionist interference.
Workers' groups were originally keen on carrying out class struggle and striving to fight for workers' rights. However, under the erosion of revisionist ideas, they began to compromise with certain exploitative behaviors of the bourgeoisie.
When the labor movement in some Asian countries first began to develop, Western revisionist ideas flooded into it, trying to interfere with the working class's correct understanding of its own responsibilities.
The circulation and proliferation of some theoretical books attempted to deviate the labor movement in Asia from the guiding principles of Marxism.
Today, although the background of the times is very different from when revisionism arose, revisionism has not completely died out.
In the academic field, there are some improper interpretations and intentional distortions of Marxism.
Some scholars, under the guise of innovative theory, have deviated from the fundamental principles of Marxism and instead catered to the values of the Western bourgeoisie.
In the field of social thought, when encountering certain social problems, some groups and individuals try to use non-Marxist approaches to find answers.
When discussing social problems such as the gap between rich and poor, we should not only look for solutions based on Marxist theory from the perspective of class analysis. On the contrary, the adoption of some seemingly mild improvement measures actually reflects an obscure manifestation of the revisionist thinking mode.
In the face of revisionist trends of thought, we need to continue to delve deeply into Marxist theory and enhance people's correct understanding of this theory.
In school education, we need to increase the intensity of teaching Marxism so that students can better understand and master the essence of Marxist theory.
At the social level, we can popularize Marxist ideas through various channels such as holding community lectures.
Ideological circles and other related fields need to continue to deepen their research on the Marxist theoretical system and quickly refute revisionist ideas.
Marxists should strengthen their beliefs, actively promote international theoretical exchanges and experience exchanges, and work together to combat the infiltration of emerging revisionist ideas.