The of a , also known as a , is a where the means of , , and are owned or by the as a whole. This model with the , where or own and these . The is often with or , to more and .

The idea of is not new; it has roots in the early of the 19th . like Karl Marx and for the of and the of a where are owned. The first major to a was in the Union after the 1917 . Other , China, Cuba, and North Korea, have also of this model.

Key of a

1. : In a , the state or the owns the major means of , such as , land, and . This is to the of and power in the hands of a few or .

2. : are often by the . This , , and for goods and . The goal is to meet the needs of the than to .

3. of : One of the of a is to . This is , , and the of like , , and .

4. : While some allow for , the is by the state. This can state-owned that in key such as , , and .

of a

1. : By and , aim to a more . This can lead to and .

2. : The of like and is often in a . These are free or , them to all .

3. : can lead to , as the can , , and other . This can help avoid the boom-and-bust often seen in .

4. : can over . The state can that , , and .

and

1. : One of the most of is . can lead to red tape, lack of , and poor . This can in of goods and and .

2. Lack of : the , and may lack the to work hard or . This can lead to and a lack of .

3. : can be prone to and . State may abuse their power for gain, to and .

4. : In a , is often . The state what goods and are , which may not align with .

While pure are rare today, many of into their . For , has a mixed with state in key like oil and gas. , China has to a " ," where state-owned with .

The is a and often model. While it aims to a more and , it faces to , , and . As the to , the over the and of will . this model is for in the on and their on .